What is the main difference between active and passive range of motion exercises?

The distinction between active and passive range of motion exercises primarily revolves around who initiates and performs the movement. Active range of motion exercises involve the individual engaging their muscles to move their limbs intentionally and independently. This type of exercise not only helps to maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength but also encourages better proprioception and coordination, as the person is actively participating in their movement.

On the other hand, passive range of motion exercises are typically performed by a therapist or caregiver, without any effort from the individual. In this case, the limbs are moved through their range of motion without the individual's muscle engagement, which can be beneficial for maintaining mobility in individuals who may be unable to move on their own due to various medical conditions.

The other choices highlight aspects that do not correctly define the fundamental differences. For instance, passive range of motion does not focus on resistance training, which is a separate form of exercise entirely, instead aiming to maintain mobility when active movement isn't possible. Overall, recognizing that active range of motion is defined by the individual's involvement in moving their limbs is crucial for understanding how these exercises contribute to rehabilitation and mobility improvement.